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	<title>Comments on: American government: It&#039;s always subsidized commercial media</title>
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	<description>Focusing on the future of digital journalism</description>
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		<title>By: David Westphal</title>
		<link>http://www.ojr.org/american-government-its-always-subsidized-commercial-media/#comment-2150</link>
		<dc:creator>David Westphal</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 03 Dec 2009 13:02:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ojr.org/?p=1801#comment-2150</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A few responses to the comments above:

1. You can see what the authors consider to be mythology in the comments themselves.  Some people don&#039;t consider government-required public notices, postal discounts or tax breaks to be subsidies.  Jeff Jarvis made the same point this week.  So have the many others who urge the government to refrain from subsidizing the press.  We argue it already has, and already is.

2. The postal system&#039;s discount system is a good topic for elaboration, which we&#039;re doing in a longer paper on this topic.

3. We don&#039;t quarrel with the origins of public-notice publication requirements.  Government wanted to make sure the public was properly informed.  That doesn&#039;t mean that public-notice requirements don&#039;t amount to subsidies today. All government subsidies arguably have public purposes, but they nevertheless work to the benefit of one industry or another. Indeed, the movement of public notices to online space would be a financial nightmare for many newspapers, especially small ones.  Yet that movement is under way.

4. We also are interested in a national tabulation of public-notice expenses incurred by local, state and federal agencies.  $2 billion sounds high, but there&#039;s little doubt it&#039;s a big number, and that whatever it is going to decline, perhaps quickly.

5. Whether you call them subsidies or prefer another term, the money the government has directed toward commercial media has been reduced significantly in recent decades (through higher postal rates), and is certain to decline more (public-notice revenue and tax breaks based on newsprint and ink, for example).  Our view is it&#039;s a good opportunity for policymakers to ponder what role this money has played in the past, and whether government should play any kind of comparable role in the future.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A few responses to the comments above:</p>
<p>1. You can see what the authors consider to be mythology in the comments themselves.  Some people don&#8217;t consider government-required public notices, postal discounts or tax breaks to be subsidies.  Jeff Jarvis made the same point this week.  So have the many others who urge the government to refrain from subsidizing the press.  We argue it already has, and already is.</p>
<p>2. The postal system&#8217;s discount system is a good topic for elaboration, which we&#8217;re doing in a longer paper on this topic.</p>
<p>3. We don&#8217;t quarrel with the origins of public-notice publication requirements.  Government wanted to make sure the public was properly informed.  That doesn&#8217;t mean that public-notice requirements don&#8217;t amount to subsidies today. All government subsidies arguably have public purposes, but they nevertheless work to the benefit of one industry or another. Indeed, the movement of public notices to online space would be a financial nightmare for many newspapers, especially small ones.  Yet that movement is under way.</p>
<p>4. We also are interested in a national tabulation of public-notice expenses incurred by local, state and federal agencies.  $2 billion sounds high, but there&#8217;s little doubt it&#8217;s a big number, and that whatever it is going to decline, perhaps quickly.</p>
<p>5. Whether you call them subsidies or prefer another term, the money the government has directed toward commercial media has been reduced significantly in recent decades (through higher postal rates), and is certain to decline more (public-notice revenue and tax breaks based on newsprint and ink, for example).  Our view is it&#8217;s a good opportunity for policymakers to ponder what role this money has played in the past, and whether government should play any kind of comparable role in the future.</p>
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		<title>By: 71.98.178.123</title>
		<link>http://www.ojr.org/american-government-its-always-subsidized-commercial-media/#comment-2149</link>
		<dc:creator>71.98.178.123</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Dec 2009 14:34:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ojr.org/?p=1801#comment-2149</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The government has NOT propped up the media, save for NPR and PBS. And those organizations should be spun off, as should the postal service (which is an off-budget expenditure to begin with). Tax breaks aren&#039;t &quot;support,&quot; nor are any of the other things the writers enumerate.

Bailouts, on the other hand, will lead to censorship and destruction of the First Amendment. Remember the Golden Rule -- &quot;he who has the money makes the rules.&quot; Anyone who thinks the American press would be nonexistent without the government is grossly uninformed and should never be allowed to vote, a useful idiot for the forces who would care to tear down the free market.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The government has NOT propped up the media, save for NPR and PBS. And those organizations should be spun off, as should the postal service (which is an off-budget expenditure to begin with). Tax breaks aren&#8217;t &#8220;support,&#8221; nor are any of the other things the writers enumerate.</p>
<p>Bailouts, on the other hand, will lead to censorship and destruction of the First Amendment. Remember the Golden Rule &#8212; &#8220;he who has the money makes the rules.&#8221; Anyone who thinks the American press would be nonexistent without the government is grossly uninformed and should never be allowed to vote, a useful idiot for the forces who would care to tear down the free market.</p>
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		<title>By: 130.80.28.26</title>
		<link>http://www.ojr.org/american-government-its-always-subsidized-commercial-media/#comment-2148</link>
		<dc:creator>130.80.28.26</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Dec 2009 11:23:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ojr.org/?p=1801#comment-2148</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I haven&#039;t heard this myth? Who&#039;s putting it forth? If you can&#039;t offer a link or two, I suspect this is a bit of a straw man argument.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I haven&#8217;t heard this myth? Who&#8217;s putting it forth? If you can&#8217;t offer a link or two, I suspect this is a bit of a straw man argument.</p>
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		<title>By: 128.206.140.124</title>
		<link>http://www.ojr.org/american-government-its-always-subsidized-commercial-media/#comment-2147</link>
		<dc:creator>128.206.140.124</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Dec 2009 15:44:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ojr.org/?p=1801#comment-2147</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It&#039;s absurd on the face of it to say that postal discounts and public notices are government subsidies. Both actions were taken with the intent to foster democracy, not to subsidize any industry. It was felt that it was important to provide universal access to &quot;news&quot; so the new republic could indeed be self governing. That all went away in the mid 90s ... the industry now gets &quot;discounts&quot; for work saving intiatives. Periodicals get discounts for doing USPS work ... walk-sequence sorting, etc. Public Notices were never meant as a subsidy. They were a way to notify the public of what government was up to, how it intended to spend taxpayer dollars, etc. The fees were BELOW standard rates, often set and capped by the state governments, so that in many, if not most, instances the government rate is much lower than that charged the general public or commercial accounts. When these went into effect the idea of government paying for the ads was NOT to subsidize the news industry, but to compensate at minimum cost for the service. When surveys show that almost 70% of Americans have never visited a government web site, what does that tell us about the concept of putting public notices on government web sites, usually several clicks beneath the home page? So much for transparency.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It&#8217;s absurd on the face of it to say that postal discounts and public notices are government subsidies. Both actions were taken with the intent to foster democracy, not to subsidize any industry. It was felt that it was important to provide universal access to &#8220;news&#8221; so the new republic could indeed be self governing. That all went away in the mid 90s &#8230; the industry now gets &#8220;discounts&#8221; for work saving intiatives. Periodicals get discounts for doing USPS work &#8230; walk-sequence sorting, etc. Public Notices were never meant as a subsidy. They were a way to notify the public of what government was up to, how it intended to spend taxpayer dollars, etc. The fees were BELOW standard rates, often set and capped by the state governments, so that in many, if not most, instances the government rate is much lower than that charged the general public or commercial accounts. When these went into effect the idea of government paying for the ads was NOT to subsidize the news industry, but to compensate at minimum cost for the service. When surveys show that almost 70% of Americans have never visited a government web site, what does that tell us about the concept of putting public notices on government web sites, usually several clicks beneath the home page? So much for transparency.</p>
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		<title>By: 208.8.241.6</title>
		<link>http://www.ojr.org/american-government-its-always-subsidized-commercial-media/#comment-2146</link>
		<dc:creator>208.8.241.6</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Dec 2009 10:32:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ojr.org/?p=1801#comment-2146</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Lumping public notice in as a government subsidy of media is a simplistic and alarming claim, as the very concept of public notice publication is to serve the public good by presenting governement information in an independent (non-government), accessible and verifiable way. Enabling governmental bodies to post, maintain and archive its own notice is problematic to any real open government policy, which was the basis behind historic state and local legislation mandating third-party notice. Following this subsidy logic would need to include practically any service or product purchased by government to serve a need of government -- subsidies for industries that produce cars, trucks, carpets, planes, roads, lunch meat, etc.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Lumping public notice in as a government subsidy of media is a simplistic and alarming claim, as the very concept of public notice publication is to serve the public good by presenting governement information in an independent (non-government), accessible and verifiable way. Enabling governmental bodies to post, maintain and archive its own notice is problematic to any real open government policy, which was the basis behind historic state and local legislation mandating third-party notice. Following this subsidy logic would need to include practically any service or product purchased by government to serve a need of government &#8212; subsidies for industries that produce cars, trucks, carpets, planes, roads, lunch meat, etc.</p>
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		<title>By: Liu Billy</title>
		<link>http://www.ojr.org/american-government-its-always-subsidized-commercial-media/#comment-2145</link>
		<dc:creator>Liu Billy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Dec 2009 06:43:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ojr.org/?p=1801#comment-2145</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[yes,government should help promote innovation, the facts proved the views,as it did when the Department of Defense funded the research that created the Internet or when NASA funded the creation of satellites that made cable television and direct TV possible]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>yes,government should help promote innovation, the facts proved the views,as it did when the Department of Defense funded the research that created the Internet or when NASA funded the creation of satellites that made cable television and direct TV possible</p>
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		<title>By: 72.86.140.78</title>
		<link>http://www.ojr.org/american-government-its-always-subsidized-commercial-media/#comment-2144</link>
		<dc:creator>72.86.140.78</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Dec 2009 06:32:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ojr.org/?p=1801#comment-2144</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[i&#039;d love to see some hard numbers on public notice/legal advertising. in penna, it&#039;s about $30 million/yr just for municipalities. my educated guesstimate pegs this franchise at +$2 Billion nationally on all levels of govt -- granted almost exclusively to publications bearing a fixed price per copy. before the giant leap online, the definition of fixed in print should expand to include verified free circulation.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>i&#8217;d love to see some hard numbers on public notice/legal advertising. in penna, it&#8217;s about $30 million/yr just for municipalities. my educated guesstimate pegs this franchise at +$2 Billion nationally on all levels of govt &#8212; granted almost exclusively to publications bearing a fixed price per copy. before the giant leap online, the definition of fixed in print should expand to include verified free circulation.</p>
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		<title>By: 149.169.89.211</title>
		<link>http://www.ojr.org/american-government-its-always-subsidized-commercial-media/#comment-2143</link>
		<dc:creator>149.169.89.211</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 30 Nov 2009 15:51:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ojr.org/?p=1801#comment-2143</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A link or two to the people you say are spreading this mythology?]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A link or two to the people you say are spreading this mythology?</p>
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